Physical and Chemical Properties:
| Physical state and Appearance: |
Yellow liquid |
| Odor: |
obnoxious odor |
| Molecular Weight: |
79.1 g mol−1 |
| pH (1% soln/water): |
8.5 |
| Boiling Point: |
116 °C |
| Melting Point: |
-43.6 °C |
| Specific Gravity: |
0.983 @ 77 °F |
| Vapor Pressure: |
10 mm Hg |
| Vapor Density: |
2.72 |
| Water, % by wt: |
0.007 |
Applications:Role in chemical synthesis :Pyridine is an important solvent and reagent in organic synthesis. It is used as a solvent in Knoevenagel condensations. It is the precursor to myriad insecticides, herbicides, pharmaceuticals, food flavorings, dyes, rubber chemicals, adhesives, paints, explosives and disinfectants. Examples include paraquat
Pyridine as a solvent : Pyridine is a widely used polar but aprotic solvent. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents including hexane and water. Deuterated pyridine, called pyridine-d5, is a common solvent for1H NMR spectroscopy.
As a denaturant : Pyridine is also used as a denaturant for antifreeze mixtures, for ethyl alcohol, for fungicides, and as a dyeing aid for textiles.
Role in analytical chemistry Pyridine, along.
Productions:Pyridine is produced either by isolation from natural sources such as coal, or through chemical synthesis. Pyridine is produced by the fractional distillation of coal-tar residues in which 1 ton of coal produces 0.07-0.21 pounds of pyridine bases of which 57% is pyridine. Synthetically produced pyridine is currently the more important source of pyridine for commercial uses. Small amounts of pyridine are synthesized from acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and ammonia with a fluidized silica-alumina catalyst, followed by fractionation to isolate the pyridine. Pyridine is produced from natural sources by Crowley Tar Products.
Attention:Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns. May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Effects may be delayed. May cause smarting of the skin and first-degree burns on short exposure. Substance is readily absorbed through the skin. Pyridine was determined not to be a skin sensitizer in guinea pigs. May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
